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 Machine Gun (weapon) Czechoslovak 7.62 mm Universal Machine gun Model 1959 machine gun, automatic weapon of small calibre that is capable of sustained rapid fire. Most machine guns are belt-fed weapons that fire from 500 to 1,000 rounds per minute and will continue to fire as long as the trigger is held back or until the supply of ammunition is exhausted. The machine gun was developed in the late 19th century and has profoundly altered the character of modern warfare. Modern machine guns are classified into three groups. The light machine gun, also called the squad automatic weapon, is equipped with a bipod and is operated by one soldier; it usually has a box-type magazine and is chambered for the small-calibre, intermediate-power ammunition fired by the assault rifles of its military unit. The medium machine gun, or general-purpose machine gun, is belt-fed, mounted on a bipod or tripod, and fires full-power rifle ammunition. Through World War II the term “heavy machine gun” desig...

 Pistol (weapon) Browning Hi Power, a single-action 9-mm semiautomatic pistol. pistol, small firearm designed for one-hand use. According to one theory, pistols owe their name to the city of Pistoia, Italy, where handguns were made as early as the late 15th century. Flintock pistol, c. 1650 Dating from the 16th century, the earliest practical pistols typically were single-shot muzzle-loading arms employing wheel-lock or various flintlock ignition systems, and they evolved simultaneously with shoulder weapons such as the harquebus, musket, and fowling gun. Such handguns were produced in a wide range of sizes and calibres, from large military “horse” pistols to small pocket and muff pistols for personal protection. The adoption of percussion ignition in the 1830s allowed the design of more-complex repeating pistols, notably the pepperbox and the revolver. In turn, the advent of the self-contained metallic cartridge in the 1860s allowed the convenience of breech loading and ultimately...